A Critical Reassessment of Kasravi and Shamlu’s Attitude Towards Iran’s Literary Heritage

The classical literary heritage of Iran cannot fairly be reduced to mysticism, fatalism, or irrationality. The Persian intellectual tradition produced poets, philosophers, mathematicians, astronomers, physicians, historians and humanist thinkers whose works addressed science, ethics, politics, justice, human dignity and the nature of knowledge.

آیین خوانش اوستای «ورهرام یشت» روز آدینه ۱۶ امردادماه ۱۴۰۵، برابر با ورهرام‌ایزد و امردادماه ۳۷۶۴ زرتشتی، در آتشکده ورهرام یزد برگزار شد

WASHINGTON — Chairman of the US Joint Chiefs of Staff General Dan Caine has privately expressed concern over the consequences of further escalating the conflict with Iran and has called for a possible way to bring the war to an end, according to reports.

The Iranian people categorically reject any attempt by foreign political figures to transform Iran’s internal political disputes, social movements, or popular protests into an armed proxy conflict conducted against the country and its institutions.

Marriage is one of the most important social institutions through which societies organise family formation, reproduction, intergenerational relations and social responsibility. Yet marriage cannot be produced simply through legislation, religious exhortation or restrictions on interaction between men and women. The decision to marry emerges from a complex interaction between economic security, housing, employment, education, gender relations, cultural expectations, personal autonomy, social trust and the perceived benefits and costs of forming a family.

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The Ram Hunting Plate is a beautiful artifact from the Sassanid period, housed in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York. The plate is beautifully gilded with mercury, silver, and gold, and decorated with black ink, and in a hunting scene that takes us back more than 2,000 years, the Shah of Iran from the Sasanian dynasty, believed to be Bahram V, is majestically and authoritatively hunting rams.

Shahnameh Research Society — Jalal Khaleghi-Motlagh states:

“From the perspective of national significance, the Shahnameh, by promoting the idea of a ‘worldly homeland’ (mihan-e jahani), was able to become a counterweight to the promotion of the idea of ‘homelandlessness of the world’ (jahan-mihani) in mysticism. It has played, and continues to play, an important role in the historical, cultural, and national self-awareness of Iranians.”

Approximately four millennia ago, the Achaemenid Empire emerged as, according to many historians, thinkers, and philosophers of history, one of the earliest examples of professional governance in human civilisation. The Achaemenids established a model of statecraft based on organised administration, institutional structures, legal frameworks, and a system of governance capable of managing one of the largest and most culturally diverse political entities of the ancient world.

The Achaemenid Empire (c. 550–330 BCE), founded by Cyrus II (Cyrus the Great), governed one of the largest and most diverse political entities of the ancient world. Stretching from the Balkans and Egypt to Central Asia and the Indus Valley, the empire incorporated dozens of ethnic groups, languages, legal traditions, and religions. Rather than attempting to homogenize these populations, the Achaemenids developed a sophisticated administrative framework built upon centralized royal authority, provincial autonomy, bureaucratic professionalism, and respect for local institutions.

Beirut, August 5, 2026 — Six years after the devastating explosion that tore through the Port of Beirut, the investigation into one of the deadliest non-nuclear explosions in modern history remains stalled, with no final verdict and no senior officials held accountable.